How Can We Better Identify Motor and Executive Function Differences Between DCD and ADHD in Adults?

What you need to know

• A German translation of a key screening tool for developmental coordination disorder (DCD) in adults has been validated
• The questionnaire was restructured to better differentiate between DCD and ADHD based on specific symptom patterns
• Three distinct areas emerged: gross motor skills, fine motor skills, and executive functions

The Challenge of Diagnosing DCD in Adults

Picture trying to perform a complex dance routine when your brain and body just won’t cooperate. This is what daily life can feel like for adults with developmental coordination disorder (DCD), a condition that affects motor skills and coordination. While we know DCD persists into adulthood for many people, diagnosing it accurately - especially distinguishing it from similar conditions like ADHD - remains challenging.

A New Tool for German Speakers

Until now, German-speaking adults who suspected they might have DCD had very limited options for screening tools. This research aimed to change that by translating and adapting the Adult Developmental Coordination Disorders/Dyspraxia Checklist (ADC) into German. But the researchers didn’t stop there - they also wanted to make the questionnaire better at telling the difference between DCD and ADHD symptoms.

Restructuring for Better Differentiation

Through careful analysis of how different groups responded to the questionnaire items, three main categories emerged:

1. Gross motor skills (like playing team sports or riding a bike)
2. Fine motor skills (such as writing or using utensils)
3. Executive functions (including organization and planning)

This new structure proved more effective at identifying unique symptom patterns between DCD and ADHD compared to the original questionnaire format.

What Makes DCD Different from ADHD?

The research revealed some interesting patterns. Adults with DCD typically reported more difficulties with gross motor coordination, while those with ADHD struggled more with executive functions. However, both groups showed some overlapping challenges, particularly in areas requiring both motor skills and mental planning.

What This Means for You

If you’re an adult who has struggled with coordination throughout your life:

• Consider seeking a professional evaluation if you experience persistent difficulties with motor skills
• Remember that coordination challenges can co-exist with other conditions like ADHD
• Know that screening tools are available and getting better at identifying specific patterns of difficulties
• Understand that getting a correct diagnosis can help you access appropriate support and accommodations

Conclusions

• The German version of the ADC provides a reliable screening tool for German-speaking adults who may have DCD
• Looking at specific symptom categories (motor skills vs executive functions) can help distinguish between DCD and ADHD
• More research is still needed to further refine diagnostic tools for adults with coordination difficulties